功效作用 Efficacy and Functions
祛风湿，通经络，祛痰止咳。
Dispelling dampness, promoting circulation, resolving phlegm, and stopping cough.
主治 Indications
用于风湿痹证，劳伤腰痛，跌打损伤，咳嗽气喘。
Used for rheumatism, lumbar pain due to strain, bruises, and coughing with asthma.
用法用量 Dosage and Administration
内服：煎汤，9-15g，大量可用至30-60g；浸酒或炖肉。外用：适量，捣敷。
Internal use: Decoction, 9-15g, can be used in large amounts up to 30-60g; can also be soaked in alcohol or used for stewing meat. External use: Use an appropriate amount for poultice.
注意事项 Precautions
孕妇慎用。
Pregnant women should use it with caution.
药理作用 Pharmacological Action
1、抑菌作用。
Antibacterial effect.
2、镇咳、祛痰及平喘作用。
2. Antitussive, expectorant, and anti-asthmatic effects.
相关论述 Relevant Discussions
1、《江西草药》：“祛风散瘀。治风湿痹痛，跌打损伤。”
"Jiangxi Herbal Medicine": "Dispels wind and eliminates stasis. Used to treat rheumatic pain, and injuries from falls and blows."
2、《贵州草药》：“清热止咳，补虚益损。”
2. "Guizhou Herbal Medicine": "Clears heat, stops cough, tonifies deficiency, and benefits loss."
3、《陕西中草药》：“祛风湿，活血通络，消炎镇痛。主治风湿性关节炎，筋骨疼痛，高血压所致之偏瘫，骨髓炎，骨结核。”
3. "Shaanxi Traditional Chinese Medicine": "Dispels wind and dampness, activates blood circulation, unblocks meridians, and has anti-inflammatory and pain-relieving effects. Mainly used for rheumatoid arthritis, musculoskeletal pain, hemiplegia due to hypertension, osteomyelitis, and bone tuberculosis."
临床应用 Clinical Applications
1、治风湿关节痛，跌打损伤：（摇边竹）根30g，虎刺、水龙骨、八角枫各15g，朱砂根9g，草乌3g，酒浸服。每日2次，每次10ml，不能过量。
For the treatment of rheumatic joint pain and injuries from falls and blows: 30g of Rhizoma Homalomenae, 15g each of Herba Taxilli, Spatholobus suberectus, and Acanthopanax trifoliatus, 9g of Radix Cinnabaris, and 3g of Radix Aconiti Lateralis Preparata, soaked in wine for consumption. Take 10ml each time, twice daily, and do not exceed the recommended dosage.
2、治肾虚腰腿痛：（摇边竹）根15-30g。炖猪脚吃。（1-2方出自《湖南药物志》）
2. For the treatment of kidney deficiency and pain in the lower back and legs: 15-30g of Rhizoma Homalomenae, stewed with pig's feet for consumption. (The first and second prescriptions are from "Pharmacopoeia of Hunan Province")
3、治坐骨神经痛：草菝葜21g，排钱草根15g，接骨金栗兰12g，酌加水酒煎服。（《福建药物志》）
3. For the treatment of sciatic nerve pain: 21g of Herba Lycopodii, 15g of Radix Pseudostellariae, and 12g of Rhizoma Drynariae, decocted in water and wine for consumption. (From "Pharmacopoeia of Fujian Province")
4、治头痛头晕：牛尾菜根60g，娃儿藤根15g，鸡蛋2个。水煎，服汤食蛋。（《江西草药》）
4. For the treatment of headache and dizziness: 60g of Radix Achyranthis Bidentatae, 15g of Radix Cynanchi Paniculati, and 2 eggs. Boil in water, consume the soup and eat the eggs. (From "Jiangxi Herbal Medicine")
5、治慢性气管炎，淋巴结炎：（摇边竹）根9-15g，小叶三点金30g。水煎服。（《湖南药物志》）
5. For the treatment of chronic bronchitis and lymphadenitis: 9-15g of Rhizoma Homalomenae, and 30g of Trachelospermum jasminoides. Decoction for consumption. (From "Pharmacopoeia of Hunan Province")
6、治肾虚咳嗽：金刚豆藤、饿蚂蟥根、大火草根、土枸杞根各9g，扑地棕根3g。蒸鸡吃。
6. For the treatment of kidney deficiency and cough: 9g each of Strophanthus gratus vine, Earthworm, Rehmannia root, and Lycium chinense root, and 3g of Radix Ardisiae. Steam with chicken for consumption.
7、治咳血：金刚豆藤、大山羊、岩百合、观音草各9g，一朵云6g。煨水服。
7. For the treatment of hemoptysis: 9g each of Strophanthus gratus vine, Cudrania tricuspidata, Lilium brownii, and Scutellaria barbata, and 6g of Platycodon grandiflorum. Decoction for consumption.
8、治气虚浮肿：金刚豆藤、毛蜡烛、地洋参各9g，水高粱根6g，葵花秆心3g。绿豆为引，炖肉吃。（6-8方出自《贵州草药》）
8. For the treatment of qi deficiency and edema: 9g each of Strophanthus gratus vine, Cibotium barometz, and Codonopsis pilosula, 6g of Coix seed, and 3g of Sunflower stem pith. Use mung beans as an adjuvant, stew with meat for consumption. (The sixth to eighth prescriptions are from "Guizhou Herbal Medicine")
附注 Notes
本种嫩叶炸熟水浸淘净后可以作蔬菜食用。
The tender leaves of this plant can be fried and soaked in water to remove impurities before being used as a vegetable.
加工炮制 Processing and Preparation
采收加工：夏、秋季采挖，洗净，晾干。
Harvest and dig in summer and autumn, wash, and air dry.
药材鉴别 Medicinal Material Identification
药材性状：根茎呈不规则结节状，横走，有分枝，表面黄棕色至棕褐色，每节具凹陷的茎痕或短而坚硬的残基。根着生于根茎一侧，圆柱状，细长而扭曲，长20-30cm，直径约2mm，少数有细小支根；表面灰黄色至浅褐色，具细纵纹和横裂纹，皮部常横裂露出木部。质韧，断面中央有黄色木心。气微，味微苦、涩。以根多而长、质韧者为佳。
The rhizome is irregularly nodular, running horizontally with branches, and its surface is yellow-brown to brown. Each section has concave stem scars or short, hard remnants. The roots are cylindrical, slender, and twisted, 20-30cm long with a diameter of about 2mm, and a few have small lateral roots. The surface is grayish-yellow to light brown, with fine longitudinal and transverse cracks, and the bark often cracks horizontally to reveal the wood. The texture is tough, and the central section has a yellow wood core. It has a slight aroma and a slightly bitter, astringent taste. The best quality is characterized by abundant, long, and tough roots.
植物学信息 Botanical Information
植物种属：百合科植物牛尾菜。
The lily family plant, Polygonatum odoratum.
形态特征 Morphological Characteristics
牛尾菜又名草菝葜。多年生草质藤本。具根茎。茎中空，有少量髓，干后凹瘪并具槽，无刺。叶互生；叶柄长7-20mm，脱落点位于上部，中部以下有卷须；叶片较厚，卵形，椭圆形至长圆状披针形，长7-15cm，宽2.5-11cm，下面绿色，无毛。伞形花序腋生，总花梗较纤细，小苞片花期一般不落；花单性，雌雄异株；花被片6，离生，长4-5mm，淡绿色；雄花具雄蕊6，长2-3mm，花药条形，多少弯曲，长约1.5mm；雌花比雄花略小，不具或具钻形退化雄蕊，子房3室，柱头3裂。浆果球形，直径7-9mm，熟时黑色。花期6-7月，果期10月。
The plant is commonly known as Oxalis corniculata, also known as creeping woodsorrel. It is a perennial herbaceous vine with rhizomes. The stem is hollow with a small amount of pith, and becomes concave and grooved when dry, without thorns. The leaves are alternate; petioles are 7-20mm long, with tendrils below the middle and a point of abscission at the upper part; the leaf blades are thick, ovate, elliptic to lanceolate, 7-15cm long and 2.5-11cm wide, green on the underside and hairless. The umbel inflorescence is axillary, with slender peduncles, and the bracts generally do not fall off during the flowering period; the flowers are unisexual, with separate male and female plants; the six tepals are free, 4-5mm long, and pale green; the male flowers have six stamens, 2-3mm long, with anthers that are somewhat curved and about 1.5mm long; the female flowers are slightly smaller than the male flowers, with rudimentary or absent stamens, and a 3-lobed stigma. The fruit is globose, 7-9mm in diameter, and turns black when ripe. The flowering period is from June to July, and the fruiting period is in October.
分布区域 Distribution Area
除内蒙古、宁夏、青海、新疆、西藏以及四川、云南高山地区外，全国都有分布。
Except for Inner Mongolia, Ningxia, Qinghai, Xinjiang, Tibet, as well as the high mountain areas of Sichuan and Yunnan, it is distributed throughout the country.
生长环境 Growing Environment
生于林下、灌丛、山沟或山坡草丛中。
Born in the forest, shrubs, mountain valleys, or hillside grasslands.